The Role of PG/VG Bases in E-Liquids

Exploring the Functions of Propylene Glycol (PG) and Vegetable Glycerine (VG) in E-Liquid Formulations

E-liquids, the essential component of vaping devices, owe much of their functionality and user experience to two key ingredients: propylene glycol (PG) and vegetable glycerine (VG). These substances form the base of nearly every e-liquid and play a vital role in determining the flavour delivery, vapour production, and throat hit that users experience. Understanding the characteristics of PG and VG and their impact on e-liquid performance can help vapers choose the right balance for their preferences.

What Are PG and VG?

Propylene Glycol (PG):

PG is a colourless, odourless liquid with a thin, watery consistency. It is widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries as a solvent and preservative. In e-liquids, PG serves as a carrier for flavour concentrates, allowing for sharp and accurate flavour delivery.

Vegetable Glycerine (VG):

VG is a thick, slightly sweet liquid derived from vegetable oils. It is also commonly used in food and pharmaceutical products due to its moisture-retaining properties. In e-liquids, VG is responsible for creating dense, smooth vapour clouds, making it a favourite among cloud-chasers.

Functions of PG and VG in E-Liquid Formulations

1. Flavour Delivery

PG excels as a flavour carrier because of its low viscosity and ability to dissolve flavour concentrates efficiently. E-liquids with a higher PG ratio tend to deliver strong, pronounced flavours, making them ideal for those who prioritise taste over vapour production.

While VG does contribute to flavour delivery, its natural sweetness can sometimes mute certain flavour profiles. High-VG e-liquids are often better suited for dessert or sweet flavours, where the inherent sweetness enhances the overall taste.

2. Vapour Production

VG is the primary driver of vapour production in e-liquids. Its thick consistency produces dense and voluminous clouds, making it a favourite for sub-ohm vaping and competitive cloud-chasing.

PG, being less viscous, produces significantly less vapour. E-liquids with high PG content are typically preferred for discreet vaping, where minimal vapour output is desired.

3. Throat Hit

PG is known for delivering a strong throat hit, closely mimicking the sensation of smoking traditional cigarettes. This makes high-PG e-liquids popular among those transitioning from smoking to vaping.

VG offers a much smoother vaping experience with little to no throat hit. High-VG e-liquids are ideal for users seeking a gentle, enjoyable vape without harshness.

The PG/VG Ratio: Finding the Right Balance

E-liquids are often classified by their PG/VG ratio, which determines the overall vaping experience. Common ratios include:

• 70% PG / 30% VG: Favoured by flavour enthusiasts, this ratio provides intense flavours and a strong throat hit, with minimal vapour production. It is suitable for mouth-to-lung (MTL) vaping styles.
• 50% PG / 50% VG: A balanced option that offers a moderate throat hit, good flavour delivery, and satisfactory vapour production. This ratio works well for both MTL and direct-to-lung (DTL) vaping.
• 30% PG / 70% VG: Popular among cloud-chasers, this ratio prioritises vapour production and a smooth vaping experience. It is best used with sub-ohm devices for DTL vaping.
• Max VG (80% VG or higher): Designed for maximum vapour output and minimal throat hit, Max VG e-liquids are perfect for those who enjoy large clouds and gentle draws.

Choosing the Right PG/VG Ratio for Your Device

Not all devices are compatible with every PG/VG ratio, and choosing the wrong type can result in poor performance or even damage to your device.

High-PG E-Liquids: These work best with low-powered devices and coil setups designed for MTL vaping. High-PG liquids flow easily through the wicking material and reduce the risk of dry hits.

High-VG E-Liquids: These require sub-ohm devices with high-powered coils that can handle the thicker viscosity of VG. Devices with larger wicking ports are essential to prevent clogging or dry hits.

Advantages and Disadvantages of PG and VG

At Nic Den we supply PG, VG and PG/VG Base Mixes so you can choose your required ratios with ease.

Conclusion

The choice between PG and VG in e-liquid formulations significantly influences the vaping experience. While PG delivers intense flavours and a sharp throat hit, VG offers smoother draws and impressive vapour clouds. Understanding these properties helps vapers tailor their e-liquid preferences to match their personal tastes and device compatibility.

Whether you’re a flavour chaser seeking a high-PG ratio or a cloud enthusiast leaning towards high-VG blends, the right balance of PG and VG ensures a satisfying and enjoyable vape tailored to your needs.